What the hell are Vento bands?

For HR professionals, handling discrimination issues is part of the job — and understanding potential compensation is key. The Vento guidelines set out how tribunals assess “injury to feelings” awards. Here’s a straightforward breakdown.

What are the Vento bands?
Compensation is grouped into three bands: In respect of claims presented to the employment tribunal on or after 6 April 2026, the Vento bands are as follows:

• Lower band: £1,300 to £12,600
• Middle band: £12,600 to £37,700
• Upper band: £37,700 to £62,900
• Exceptional cases: can exceed £62,900

What do these look like in practice?

Lower band
Typically applies to isolated or less serious incidents.
For example:

• A one-off inappropriate comment
• Feeling excluded or unsupported, causing some distress

Middle band
Covers more sustained or impactful behaviour.
For example:

• Ongoing microaggressions or bullying
• Situations affecting confidence, wellbeing, or mental health

Upper band
Reserved for serious cases with significant impact.
For example:

• Prolonged discrimination leading to psychological harm
• Harassment that disrupts someone’s work and personal life

Exceptional cases
Used where the impact is particularly severe.
For example:

• Lasting emotional harm affecting relationships or daily life
• Career damage or financial loss alongside distress

Why this matters
Knowing how these awards are assessed helps employers manage risk, support employees appropriately, and respond proportionately when issues arise.

A clear understanding of the Vento bands isn’t just about compliance — it’s about recognising the real impact workplace behaviour can have.